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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Clive Spash</span></h1>
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<p><b>Clive Laurence Spash</b> (* <a href="10._M%C3%A4rz" title="10. März">10. März</a> <a href="1962" title="1962">1962</a> in <a href="Reading" title="Reading">Reading</a>, <a href="Vereinigtes_K%C3%B6nigreich" title="Vereinigtes Königreich">Großbritannien</a>) ist ein britischer <a href="%C3%96kologische_%C3%96konomie" title="Ökologische Ökonomie">Ökologischer Ökonom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seit 2010 ist er Inhaber des <i>Lehrstuhls für Public Policy and Governance</i> an der <a href="Wirtschaftsuniversit%C3%A4t_Wien" title="Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien">WU Wien</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leben_und_Werdegang">Leben und Werdegang</h2></div>
<p>Spash ist der Sohn von David Isaac und Patricia Spash, geborene Fitzgerald.
</p><p>Clive Spash studierte <a href="Wirtschaftswissenschaft" title="Wirtschaftswissenschaft">Ökonomie</a> an der <a href="Universit%C3%A4t_Stirling" class="mw-redirect" title="Universität Stirling">Universität Stirling</a> in <a href="Schottland" title="Schottland">Schottland</a> sowie Interdisziplinäre Wissenschaften an der <a href="University_of_British_Columbia" title="University of British Columbia">Universität of British Columbia</a> in <a href="Kanada" title="Kanada">Kanada</a>. Anschließend promovierte er in den <a href="USA" class="mw-redirect" title="USA">USA</a> an der <a href="University_of_Wyoming" title="University of Wyoming">Universität of Wyoming</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Von 1996 bis 2001 war er Direktor des Instituts <i>Research for the Environment</i> (CRE) an der <a href="University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a>.
</p><p>Spash war von 2000 bis 2006 Präsident der <a href="International_Society_for_Ecological_Economics" title="International Society for Ecological Economics">European Society for Ecological Economics</a>. Zuvor war er bereits vier Jahre lang deren Vizepräsident (1996–2000).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Ab 2006 war Spash <i>Chief Executive Officers’ Science Leader</i> von <a href="Commonwealth_Scientific_and_Industrial_Research_Organisation" title="Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation">CSIRO</a>, Australiens staatliche Behörde für wissenschaftliche und industrielle Forschung. Nachdem er einen kritischen Artikel über Emissionshandel veröffentlichen wollte – der bereits den <a href="Peer-Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Peer-Review">Peer-Review-Prozess</a> durchlaufen hatte – intervenierte die Behörde und drängte auf Änderungen.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Das Verhalten der Behörde führte zu kontroversen Diskussionen innerhalb der Wissenschaft, auch das renommierte Journal <a href="Nature" title="Nature">Nature</a> berichtete ausführlich über den Vorfall.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Im Zuge der Auseinandersetzung verließ Spash die Behörde Ende 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Im Jahr 2024 erhielt er den <a href="Society_for_Conservation_Biology#Preise" title="Society for Conservation Biology">Ilkka-Hanski-Preis</a> der <a href="Society_for_Conservation_Biology" title="Society for Conservation Biology">Society for Conservation Biology</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Forschung">Forschung</h2></div>
<p>Innerhalb der Ökologischen Ökonomik ist Spash ein einflussreicher Wissenschaftler. So veröffentlicht regelmäßig Fachbeiträge im Journal <a href="Ecological_Economics" title="Ecological Economics">Ecological Economics</a>. 2017 erschien bei <a href="Routledge_(Verlag)" title="Routledge (Verlag)">Routledge</a> das von ihm herausgegebene <i>Handbook of Ecologial Economics</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Öffentlich nimmt Spash aber ebenfalls Stellung und bringt sich in Debatten ein.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So ist er ein vehementer Kritiker der <a href="Wachstum_der_Wirtschaft" class="mw-redirect" title="Wachstum der Wirtschaft">Wachstumswirtschaft</a> und plädiert stattdessen für eine Transformation der Weltwirtschaft.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Auch so genanntes „Grünes Wachstum“ sei keine Alternative.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Einzig ein Wirtschaftssystem, das nicht mehr auf Wachstum, sondern auf <a href="Degrowth" class="mw-redirect" title="Degrowth">Degrowth</a> setzt, sei ein <a href="Nachhaltigkeit" title="Nachhaltigkeit">nachhaltiges</a> Modell.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In seiner Arbeit befasst sich Spash kritisch mit vielen Aspekten der <a href="Neoklassische_Theorie" title="Neoklassische Theorie">neoklassischen</a> <a href="Umwelt%C3%B6konomik" title="Umweltökonomik">Umweltökonomik</a> und propagiert eine klare Abgrenzung der Ökologischen Ökonomik vom wirtschaftswissenschaftlichen Mainstream.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Als Kritiker der <a href="Umwelt%C3%B6konomische_Bewertung" title="Umweltökonomische Bewertung">ökonomischen Bewertung</a> trug er maßgeblich zur Entwicklung deliberativer Bewertungsverfahren (<i>Deliberative Monetary Valuation</i>) bei.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ähnlich skeptisch äußerte er sich u. a. zu <i>Biodiversity Offsetting</i><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> und zum <a href="EU-Emissionshandel" title="EU-Emissionshandel">europäischen Emissionshandel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In zahlreichen Arbeiten beschäftigt sich Spash auch mit <a href="Wissenschaftsphilosophie" class="mw-redirect" title="Wissenschaftsphilosophie">Wissenschaftsphilosophie</a>, besonders mit Fragen der <a href="Ontologie" title="Ontologie">Ontologie</a>, <a href="Erkenntnistheorie" title="Erkenntnistheorie">Epistemologie</a> und <a href="Methodologie" title="Methodologie">Methodologie</a>, wobei er als Vertreter des <a href="Critical_Realism" title="Critical Realism">Critical Realism</a> auftritt. Grundsätzlich nutzt er in seinen Arbeiten kritisch-realistische Positionen, um Argumente der Ökologischen Ökonomie zu fundieren.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Bis 2021 war er Chefredakteur der Fachzeitschrift Environmental Values.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Veröffentlichungen_(Auswahl)"><span id="Ver.C3.B6ffentlichungen_.28Auswahl.29"></span>Veröffentlichungen (Auswahl)</h2></div>
<ul><li>Clive L. Spash (Hrsg.): <i>Routledge Handbook of Ecological Economics: Nature and Society.</i> Routledge, Abingdon / New York 2017.</li>
<li>Clive L. Spash, Karin Dobernig: <i>Theories of (Un)sutainable Consumption.</i> In: Clive L. Spash (Hrsg.): <i>Routledge Handbook of Ecological Economics: Nature and Society.</i> Routledge, Abingdon / New York 2017, S. 203–213.</li>
<li>Clive L. Spash, Clemens Gattringer: <i>The Ethical Failures of Climate Economics.</i> In: Adrian Walsh, Sade Hormio, Duncan Purves (Hrsg.): <i>The Ethical Underpinnings of Climate Economics.</i> Routledge, Abingdon / New York 2017, S. 162–182.</li>
<li>Clive L. Spash: <i>This changes nothing: The Paris Agreement to ignore reality.</i> In: <i>Globalizations.</i> Band 13, Nr. 6, 2016, S. 928–933.</li>
<li>Clive L. Spash: <i>The Brave New World of Carbon Trading.</i> In: <i>New Political Economy.</i> Band 15, Nr. 2, 2010, S. 169–195.</li>
<li>Clive L. Spash: <i>Censoring science in research officially.</i> In: <i>Environmental Values.</i> Band 19, Nr. 2, 2010, S. 141–146.</li>
<li>Clive L. Spash: <i>Greenhouse Economics: Value and Ethics.</i> Routledge, London 2002.</li>
<li>Martin O’Connor, Clive L. Spash: <i>Valuation and the Environment: Theory, Methods and Practice.</i> Edward Elgar, Cheltenham 1999.</li>
<li>Clive L. Spash: <i>The political economy of nature.</i> In: <i>Review of Political Economy.</i> Band 7, Nr. 3, 1995, S. 279–293.</li>
<li>Clive L. Spash, Ian A. Simpson: <i>Utilitarian and rights-based alternatives for protecting sites of special scientific interest.</i> In: <i>Journal of Agricultural Economics.</i> Band 45, Nr. 1, 1994, S. 15–26.</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://prabook.com/web/clive.spash/314378">prabook.com</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wu.ac.at/mlgd/staff/spash/">wu.ac.at</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.clivespash.org/curriculum-vitae/">clivespash.org</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.clivespash.org/curriculum-vitae/">clivespash.org</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:italic">Curriculum Vitae</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Clive L. Spash</cite>. 26. April 2015 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.clivespash.org/curriculum-vitae/">clivespash.org</a> [abgerufen am 5. Juni 2018]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Clive+Spash&rft.atitle=Curriculum+Vitae&rft.btitle=Clive+L.+Spash&rft.date=2015-04-26&rft.genre=book" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Dan Harrison EDUCATION CORRESPONDENT: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smh.com.au/environment/scientist-quits-csiro-amid-censorship-claims-20091203-k8vb.html"><i>Scientist quits CSIRO amid censorship claims.</i></a> 3. Dezember 2009,<span class="Abrufdatum"> abgerufen am 5. Juni 2018</span> (englisch).</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AClive+Spash&rft.title=Scientist+quits+CSIRO+amid+censorship+claims&rft.description=Scientist+quits+CSIRO+amid+censorship+claims&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smh.com.au%2Fenvironment%2Fscientist-quits-csiro-amid-censorship-claims-20091203-k8vb.html&rft.creator=Dan+Harrison+EDUCATION+CORRESPONDENT&rft.date=2009-12-03&rft.language=en"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Pincock: <cite style="font-style:italic">Australian agency denies gagging researchers</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Nature</cite>. 6. November 2009, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221744-7933%22&key=cql">1744-7933</a></span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/news.2009.1068">10.1038/news.2009.1068</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/news/2009/091106/full/news.2009.1068.html">nature.com</a> [abgerufen am 5. Juni 2018]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Clive+Spash&rft.atitle=Australian+agency+denies+gagging+researchers&rft.au=Stephen+Pincock&rft.date=2009-11-06&rft.doi=10.1038%2Fnews.2009.1068&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1744-7933&rft.jtitle=Nature" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Pincock: <cite style="font-style:italic">Australian agency moves to calm climate row</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Nature</cite>. 13. November 2009, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221744-7933%22&key=cql">1744-7933</a></span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/news.2009.1083">10.1038/news.2009.1083</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/news/2009/091113/full/news.2009.1083.html">nature.com</a> [abgerufen am 5. Juni 2018]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Clive+Spash&rft.atitle=Australian+agency+moves+to+calm+climate+row&rft.au=Stephen+Pincock&rft.date=2009-11-13&rft.doi=10.1038%2Fnews.2009.1083&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1744-7933&rft.jtitle=Nature" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Pincock: <cite style="font-style:italic">Researcher quits over science agency interference</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Nature</cite>. 4. Dezember 2009, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221744-7933%22&key=cql">1744-7933</a></span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/news.2009.1126">10.1038/news.2009.1126</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/news/2009/091204/full/news.2009.1126.html">nature.com</a> [abgerufen am 5. Juni 2018]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Clive+Spash&rft.atitle=Researcher+quits+over+science+agency+interference&rft.au=Stephen+Pincock&rft.date=2009-12-04&rft.doi=10.1038%2Fnews.2009.1126&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1744-7933&rft.jtitle=Nature" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Pincock: <cite style="font-style:italic">Australian agency denies gagging researchers</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Nature</cite>. 6. November 2009, <a href="Internationale_Standardnummer_f%C3%BCr_fortlaufende_Sammelwerke" title="Internationale Standardnummer für fortlaufende Sammelwerke">ISSN</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zdb-katalog.de/list.xhtml?t=iss%3D%221744-7933%22&key=cql">1744-7933</a></span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/news.2009.1068">10.1038/news.2009.1068</a></span> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/news/2009/091106/full/news.2009.1068.html">nature.com</a> [abgerufen am 5. Juni 2018]).<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Clive+Spash&rft.atitle=Australian+agency+denies+gagging+researchers&rft.au=Stephen+Pincock&rft.date=2009-11-06&rft.doi=10.1038%2Fnews.2009.1068&rft.genre=journal&rft.issn=1744-7933&rft.jtitle=Nature" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.routledge.com/Routledge-Handbook-of-Ecological-Economics-Nature-and-Society/Spash/p/book/9781138931510">Routledge Handbook of Ecological Economics: Nature and Society</a>, abgerufen am 30. Mai 2018.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.woz.ch/-637f">woz.ch</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geo.de/natur/oekologie/1485-rtkl-gruene-wirtschaft-besseres-wachstum-besseres-klima">geo.de</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boell.de/en/2015/12/03/commentary-greenwash-now-new-improved-formulae">boell.de</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.woz.ch/-637f">woz.ch</a></span>
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<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clive L. Spash: <cite style="font-style:italic">The shallow or the deep ecological economics movement?</cite> In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Ecological Economics</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>93</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>351–362</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.05.016">10.1016/j.ecolecon.2013.05.016</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Clive+Spash&rft.atitle=The+shallow+or+the+deep+ecological+economics+movement%3F&rft.au=Clive+L.+Spash&rft.btitle=Ecological+Economics&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.ecolecon.2013.05.016&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=351-362&rft.volume=93" style="display:none"> </span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clive L. Spash: <cite style="font-style:italic">Deliberative monetary valuation (DMV): Issues in combining economic and political processes to value environmental change</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Ecological Economics</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>63</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>4</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>690–699</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.02.014">10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.02.014</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Clive+Spash&rft.atitle=Deliberative+monetary+valuation+%28DMV%29%3A+Issues+in+combining+economic+and+political+processes+to+value+environmental+change&rft.au=Clive+L.+Spash&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.ecolecon.2007.02.014&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Economics&rft.pages=690-699&rft.volume=63" style="display:none"> </span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clive L. Spash: <cite style="font-style:italic">Bulldozing biodiversity: The economics of offsets and trading-in Nature</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Biological Conservation</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>192</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>541–551</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2015.07.037">10.1016/j.biocon.2015.07.037</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Clive+Spash&rft.atitle=Bulldozing+biodiversity%3A+The+economics+of+offsets+and+trading-in+Nature&rft.au=Clive+L.+Spash&rft.btitle=Biological+Conservation&rft.doi=10.1016%2Fj.biocon.2015.07.037&rft.genre=book&rft.pages=541-551&rft.volume=192" style="display:none"> </span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clive L. Spash: <cite style="font-style:italic">The brave new world of carbon trading</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">New Political Economy</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>15</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>169–195</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/13563460903556049">10.1080/13563460903556049</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Clive+Spash&rft.atitle=The+brave+new+world+of+carbon+trading&rft.au=Clive+L.+Spash&rft.doi=10.1080%2F13563460903556049&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=New+Political+Economy&rft.pages=169-195&rft.volume=15" style="display:none"> </span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Clive Spash: <cite style="font-style:italic">Soziales, ökologisches und ökonomisches Wissen: Zum Synthetisierungspotenzial des Critical Realism</cite>. In: Urs Lindner, Dimitri Mader (Hrsg.): <cite style="font-style:italic">Critical Realism meets kritische Sozialtheorie Ontologie, Erklärung und Kritik in den Sozialwissenschaften</cite>. transcript Verlag, Bielefeld 2017, ISBN 978-3-8394-2725-5, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>217–242</span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:Clive+Spash&rft.atitle=Soziales%2C+%C3%B6kologisches+und+%C3%B6konomisches+Wissen%3A+Zum+Synthetisierungspotenzial+des+Critical+Realism&rft.au=Clive+Spash&rft.btitle=Critical+Realism+meets+kritische+Sozialtheorie++Ontologie%2C+Erkl%C3%A4rung+und+Kritik+in+den+Sozialwissenschaften&rft.date=2017&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9783839427255&rft.pages=217-242&rft.place=Bielefeld&rft.pub=transcript+Verlag" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whpress.co.uk/EV.html"><i>Environmental Values.</i></a><span class="Abrufdatum"> Abgerufen am 26. Februar 2019</span>.</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AClive+Spash&rft.title=Environmental+Values&rft.description=Environmental+Values&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.whpress.co.uk%2FEV.html"> </span></span>
</li>
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